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Title: Kenya
Author: UNIFEM
Date: 2001-2003
The report highlights the progress of the Collaborative Center for Gender and Development in Kenya in the area of gender budgeting in both national and other macro-economic processes. In addition UNIFEM, DFID and CIDA supported the Center to strategize on gender budgeting priorities. GTZ have also supported FEMNET to undertake a study on gender budgets and macro-economic in Kenya. These processes have given rise to the Gender Mainstreaming in the National Budget, seeking to influence the national resource allocation process from within the Ministry of Finance and Planning. In the past, the Center has held numerous sensitization forums and mobilized women leaders and women's organizations to engage in debate around national budgeting.
Expected outcomes are to create support strategies for increasing women's participation in economic decision-making through their engagement in budgetary processes. Ensuring that gender responsive budgeting is placed on the agendas of organizations engaging in governance and economic reform ia also expected.
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This case study was compiled by Debbie Budlender based on a presentation by Cecilia Ncube, Programme Officer at UNIFEM Mozambique, at a workshop on GRB organized by UNIFEM and UNFPA in Cape Town, April 2006.
GRB Work in Mozambique: a case study
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Title: Nigeria
Author: UNIFEM
Date: 2001-2005
This report details the work in progress in Nigeria on gendered budget analysis at the national and local levels. Governance has emerged as a major issue for development in the West African sub-region, especially in Anglophone West Africa where, after decades of military rule and wars, governments are beginning to democratize. In Nigeria, 1999 marked the beginning of a new experiment with democracy after years of disruptive military rule. One of the major tasks faced by the new civilian and democratic government is reforming Nigeria's institutions at the executive, legislative and judicial levels to ensure that corruption and lack of accountability that was characteristic of previous Nigerian regimes are tackled, human rights of people respected, and democracy allowed to flourish.
Women in Nigeria see the current political climate as an opportunity to follow up on the three important reviews concerning gender equality: the 10-year reviews of the Beijing World Conference on Women, the International Conference on Population and Development, and the World Summit on Social Development. This has once again provided an opportunity for Nigerian women to critically appraise their government, not only in terms of creating an enabling environment for women to participate fully in governance, but also for demanding gender equality policies for economic prosperity and social development. This ultimately will contribute to defining a new and just political agenda, incorporating elements of government transparency and accountability in socio-economic policies, expenditure and social impact.
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Title: Senegal
Author: UNICEF
Date: 2005
This report outlines the outputs, activities, future plans and findings to date, from the national level gender budget initiative in Senegal. Over the few last years, Senegal has gone through significant political change, with a major shift in the political leadership. The new government is supportive of women’s participation at decision-making levels, and women's representation in strategic ministerial positions has increased. However, despite growing trends towards participatory democracy, women’s contribution in the economy continues to be undermined and women’s work in the care economy remains invisible in national accounts and budget mechanisms.
The Government is also committed to attracting foreign direct investment as a way of sustaining growth and fighting unemployment. Given this emphasis on promoting an enabling environment for private businesses, it is crucial to monitor the implication of such policy shifts on the allocation of national budgets.
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Title: Tanzania
Author: UNIFEM
Date: 2002-2005
This report highlights the progress of the Tanzania Gender Networking programme (TGNP) and its coalition Feminist Activism (FemAct). The gender budget initiative was developed in the context of cost sharing and retrenchment policies implemented as part of the structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) in the 1980s. The SAPs precipitated cuts in vital social services particularly health care and education, while liberalisation and privatisation caused massive layoffs of government workers. Concurrently, the majority of civil society was left out in terms of policymaking and budgetary decisions in the country. The PRSP process in Tanzania began in 2000.
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Gender-responsive budgeting is a crucial tool for women’s empowerment. In Morocco, UNIFEM has worked with the government to create a more tailored approach in which budgeting can have a more effective and immediate impact. As this documentary illustrates, when the needs of women living in a particular geographical and cultural context are addressed, the entire community benefits. In the past four years, the Finance Ministry of Morocco has made substantial progress in developing both gender-responsive and results-oriented budgetary reform.
